1 Reference Section ----------------- This section contains reference material that you may need. The sections contained here are: 1. Glossary of Terms 2. Error and Status Messages 3. ASCII Code Table 4. Display Attributes and Color Codes Reference Section - Glossary of Terms ------------------------------------- Action File A file containing instructions to tell BitCom what to do after your modem is connected to the host. Answer Mode When you put a record in answer mode, BitCom tells the modem to answer the phone automatically when it rings. The "Answer String" is sent to the modem. ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange) A standard character set and coding scheme to represent numbers, symbols, alphabetic and control Characters. The IBM PC and most minicomputers use ASCII whereas IBM mainframes such as the IBM 3090 do not. Asynchronous Communications A way of transmitting data in which start and stop bits are used to frame each character. Data is sent and received at irregular intervals of time. Most modems for IBM PC's and compatibles are asynchronous. Auto Dial The modem, functioning as your phone, dials a phone number for you. Auto Answer The modem automatically answers an incoming call and puts out a high pitched tone to the caller. Auto log-on A set of instructions telling BitCom to perform the log-on procedures for the host system after connection. The instructions are stored in an action or script file. 2 Available Memory The amount of memory (RAM) that is available for use by a program. For instance, BitCom requires 256K available memory. Baud Rate The speed at which data is transmitted between two devices (e.g. modems). Measured in bits per second. Binary File Binary files include programs, data files, or formatted documents. Break Key The specified key, that when pressed, will send a break signal to the host computer. Break Signal A signal generated by your modem (or serial card) to the host computer during communications. To interrupt the host computer, a signal is sent to gain it's attention. You may specify the amount of time a break signal will last, depending upon the system you are connected to. Break Time The amount of time a break signal will last, as specified by the host computer. Call Mode In call mode, BitCom tells the modem to dial the phone number for you. Call Progress Detection A feature in your modem that tells BitCom what is happening when dialing a number: busy, no dial tone, connect, etc. Check your modem manual to see if your modem supports this feature. Capture Data While connected to the host system, incoming and outgoing characters are saved onto a disk file. Carrier or Carrier Detect A signal (a high pitch tone) generated by one modem to another modem indicating that the line is connected. 3 Connect BitCom is connected to the host computer if the modem displays the "Connect String" or if BitCom can talk to the serial interface card in "DIRECT" mode. The clock runs in the lower right corner of the screen when BitCom is connected. Constant A number or string of text that does not change. Used in script or action files. Control Code An ASCII code that is less than Hex 26. For example, Ctrl-E is hex 05. COM Port An electronic address in your PC whereby a serial device is directly connected to, or an internal modem is used to talk with, the outside world. CRC Cyclic Redundancy Checking. A method of error checking used in later versions of XMODEM file transfer to cut down on errors when transmitting data. CTS (Clear To Send) An "OK to send data" signal generated by the modem or serial card. DTR (Data Terminal Ready) A signal in your modem or serial card telling BitCom that the modem is ready. DC1/DC3 See XON/XOFF. Default The value that is used for a parameter when no other value is explicitly provided. In other words, the default value or key is the pre-assigned value or key. Diskette A removable magnetic storage device, commonly used on personal computers. DOS The disk operating system which is used by personal computers. 4 d-string A d-string is text enclosed in double quotes. The text within those quotes is sent to the host computer. If a variable name is in the string, it will be substituted with its value. Duplex See half duplex or full duplex. Echo If "Echo" is yes, the character you typed on the keyboard is displayed on the screen and sent to the host. Emulation See terminal emulation. Escape Code The hex equivalent of ESCAPE is 1B, the decimal equivalent is 27. Normally, what follows is called an escape sequence. These usually have special significance, especially in terminal emulation files. Exit Exit in BitCom has two meanings. When exiting from a SCRIPT file, it means to halt the execution of that SCRIPT file. When exiting from BitCom, it means to exit from the BitCom program, and return to DOS. Filename The name given to a file. Consists of 1-8 letters and/or numbers, giving a descriptive name to a file that is stored on disk or diskette. Can also have an extension of 1-3 letters and/or numbers. Fixed Disk A non-removable magnetic storage device used in some personal computers. It is faster, and capable of more storage, than a diskette. Full Duplex In a full duplex communications system, characters sent to the host are echoed back by the host to your screen. If your host computer uses full duplex communication, set "Echo" to "Yes" in BitCom. Half Duplex In half duplex communications systems, characters sent to the host are not echoed back to your screen. If your host uses half duplex, set "Echo" in BitCom to "No." 5 Halt Key The key, that when pressed, will stop the execution of a script or action file. Hexadecimal A base 16 numbering system that is commonly used in IBM personal computers. Hex digits range from 0-9 and A-F. For example, decimal 15 is equal to hexadecimal 0F. Host Computer, Host System The computer system that you are connected to. This computer may be another PC, a mainframe or mini- computer, or an on-line service such as Dow Jones or Easylink. Interrupt A signal that tells the software or DOS to temporarily suspend the current task to allow it to do a new task. Kermit A file transfer protocol developed by Columbia University. It has the ability to transfer binary (program) files while using 7 data bits, where all forms of XMODEM require 8 data bits. Path A command used by DOS to better utilize the sub- directory structure of a fixed disk drive. Port or Port Address An electronic address in your computer. Pulse Dialing Also called rotary dialing; a dialing format in which each digit is represented by a series of pulses. Quit When Quit is used in BitCom, it means to quit from one menu or level, and go to the next higher level. Record ID A portion of a BitCom phone number record that can be used to identify a record to select for communications. Redial To dial a phone number again, if it was busy when dialed the first time. 6 Result Codes Codes that are returned from the modem to let you know the results of your call. Modems give these codes in either verbal or numeric results. BitCom requires that the modem be set to return the result codes in verbal form. RS-232 Port Also called a serial port. An external modem would be connected to an RS-232 port. s-string Text contained within single quote marks. The text within these quotes will be assigned to a key with an assignment statement in a script or action file. SCRIPT File A file containing instructions that tell BitCom what to do before a connection is made (e.g. what phone number to dial or when to dial it). Can also continue to give instructions after a connection is made. Serial Communication Communications where data is sent one bit at a time as opposed to parallel communications where multiple wires in the cable allow the PC to send data in multiple bits. Serial Port An electronic address in your PC where serial data is sent and received. Start Bit The first bit in a set of data. It signifies that what follows is the data. Stop Bit The last bit in a set of data. It signifies that the data has been sent in a set of data. Sub-Directory A division of a fixed disk drive used by DOS to organize information (files). Synchronous Communication A method of communication where a group of characters are sent as a continuous stream of data at regular intervals of time. For example, the IBM 3270 uses synchronous communications. 7 System Variable A variable used in script/action files that allows you to inquire about, set or retrieve certain information about BitCom settings. Also known as a builtin variable. Terminal Emulation A mode where your PC performs as if it were a terminal, such as the DEC VT100. Text File A file that only contains keyboard characters. It does not contain any formatting commands. Text Editor Software that is used to create or edit text files, such as EDLIN. Token A term used in programming. A token is a sequence of characters whose significance is possessed collectively rather than individually. Examples are constants, functions, variables, and punctuation. Touch Tone A dialing format in which each digit is represented as a frequency or pitch. Variable A portion of the BitCom script language which allows you to store information that may change in a specified statement. XMODEM, YMODEM File transfer protocols (methods) defined and available in public domain electronic bulletin boards, as well as while communicating with various other computers. Contains automatic error checking of data sent and/or received. XON/XOFF XON and XOFF characters are used to control the flow of data from one computer to another if one of the two computers cannot catch up in speed. If one computer is sending data too fast, the other tells it to stop the sending with an XOFF character. When it is ready to resume again, the slower computer tells the other to resume by sending it an XON character. XON and XOFF are ASCII characters where XON is Hex 11 and XOFF is Hex 13. XON/XOFF is also known as DC1/DC3. 8 YMODEM Batch A file transfer protocol which sends multiple files in blocks of 1024 bytes per block. 9 Reference Section - Error & Status Messages ------------------------------------------- Aborting Download by User Request The receiving of a file has been stopped before completion by the user. Already Connected The SCRIPT file invoked the 'docomm' function to begin communications, but the line is already connected. Make sure that you are not trying to make another call before hanging up from the first. Appending output to This is an informative message showing that you are capturing data, in the append mode, to the specified filename. Bad File Name: Your system is trying to receive files using the YMODEM Batch mode, but the host system is not sending in the batch mode. Break Detected The host system to which you are connected with sent a 'break' signal. No action is taken by BitCom in this case. Break Sent A 'break' signal has been sent by BitCom to the host computer that you are connected to. This is an informative message only. Builtin variable not set-able An attempt was made to assign a value to a 'read-only' builtin variable. Certain builtin variables may not be assigned (e.g. @conn). Cannot add while connected You cannot add a new communications record while you are currently connected (although you can change some values of the current connection record). Cannot Assign An attempt was made to assign a value to something other than a variable. 10 Cannot delete record 0 The default record (record 0) is only provided to specify default values for new records. It may not be used for any other purpose, and can never be deleted. Changing parameters in this record only affects records that are added later, not currently existing records. Cannot Delete While Adding Record While adding a record, you have tried to delete a record. You must finish adding the record first. Cannot Delete While Connected You cannot delete a new communications record while you are currently connected (although you can change some values of the currently selected record). Cannot 'select' while connected The SCRIPT file called the 'select' function, but you are still connected. Use the 'hangup' function to disconnect the line before using the 'select' function. Cannot Dial/Answer with Defaults The default record (record 0) is only provided to specify default values for new records. It may not be used for any other purpose. Capture Disabled The CAPTURE(0) command has been used in a script/action file to disable the capturing of data. This is an informative message only. Capture Enabled The CAPTURE(1) command has been used in a script/action file to begin capturing data. This is an informative message only. Capture output ended You have disabled the Capture function by using the CAPTURE(0) command in a script/action file, or you have changed the Capture Filename to 'None'. This is an informative message only. Capture resuming This is an informative message stating that capturing is resuming, usually after a file transfer has been completed. Capture suspended, receiving file This message lets you know that capturing will be temporarily halted while receiving a file. This is an informative message only. 11 COMMAND.COM not found BitCom could not find the COMMAND.COM file on the diskette. Make sure that you follow the instructions in Chapter 1 to make a working copy of the BitCom diskette. COMM.DAT: file corrupted! The COMM.DAT file has been damaged. Make sure to exit BitCom properly before turning off the power to your computer. COMM.DAT: file invalid! This error occurs when the COMM.DAT file has been corrupted. Always make periodic backups of your COMM.DAT file so that it may be restored if this should occur. COMM.DAT: not found The COMM.DAT file could not be read. Make sure that this file is in your current directory. This file is required for normal communications. Change the directory to the one containing the file COMM.DAT. For example CD\BITCOM. Another way is to specify the BitCom sub-directory name in the "Home Dir" field on the Communications Configuration Menu. COMM.DAT: some data lost! This error usually occurs when you have added a record and then suffered a power failure without exiting BitCom normally. The record(s) you added are probably missing, but previous data will be untouched. Also, make sure that you EXIT from BitCom properly before turning off your system. COMM.DAT: write error! The COMM.DAT file could not be written to for some reason (possibly out of disk space or you have removed the disk). This file is written to during normal communications. COMM.DAT: write error! Sort cancelled. In order to sort the COMM.DAT file, BitCom needs to write to that file. For some reason (out of disk space or a write-protect tab on the diskette), BitCom could not do so. COMM.GLO: open error! The COMM.GLO file could not be opened. Make sure that this file exists in your current directory. This error causes termination of BitCom. The COMM.GLO file must be present in the current drive and directory, or your root directory. 12 COMM.GLO: write error! The COMM.GLO file could not be written to for some reason (possibly out of disk space). This file is only written to when you change the global BitCom parameters. COMx: Not Functional The indicated port number is not functional. You will get this error if the serial port is not working for any reason, or if you have selected the wrong port address. Check the switches on your internal modem or your serial card. Make sure it is set to the correct communications port (e.g., COM1). Completed Sending ASCII BitCom has finished sending the designated file, using the ASCII protocol. This is an informative message only. Completed xx Blocks BitCom has finished sending a file using the Xmodem protocol. The 'xx' would be replaced by the actual number of blocks sent. This is an informative message only. CompuServe B+ Receiving BitCom is receiving a file using the CompuServe B+ protocol. This is an informative message only. CompuServe B+ Sending BitCom is sending a file using the CompuServe B+ protocol. This is an informative message only. Connection ended This is not usually an error, but is displayed when the connection is ended by the remote host computer. Data Bits Must be 8 for Xmodem For Xmodem file transfers, you must use 8 data bits as a communications parameter. Data error, block xx While sending or receiving a file using XMODEM, a data error was detected. Usually, BitCom will simply retry the block and continue on. If too many data errors occur (from bad phone lines, possibly), BitCom will cancel the file transfer. 13 Delete Record xx? (Y or N) This message will be displayed whenever you delete a record. The 'xx' will be replaced by the record number you want to delete. Press Y to delete the record, or N to cancel the action. Disk Read Error The disk you are trying to read has an error on it, or the diskette is not in the drive. Correct the problem (or replace the disk) and try the action again. Disk Write Error The disk you are attempting to write to has an error on it, or the diskette is not in the drive. Correct the problem (or replace the disk) and try the action again. DIR Path is Too Long The directory pathname you have given is too long. A pathname in BitCom can be up to 40 characters long. End of File, Completed xxx Blocks This is an informative message only. BitCom has completed a file transfer, and will indicate the number of blocks which were transferred. End of sending xxx files This message will occur at the end of a YMODEM Batch file transfer to indicate how many files were transferred. It is an informative message only. EOF arg only valid for "ascii" mode The 'recvfile' function was invoked with the parameter of 'xmodem'. For XMODEM, you cannot specify an EOF string. Error: Sender Must Use Batch Mode You have used a wild card character ( ? or * ) in the receive filename. This indicates Ymodem Batch as the protocol. The sender must also use the Ymodem Batch protocol. Error Writing Disk The system is unable to write to the disk, usually because the disk is full, or there is a write-protect tab on the diskette. Error Writing Disk: Output File Closed BitCom was unable to capture or continue to capture to disk, usually because the disk was full, or a write- protect tab was on the disk. Remove the write-protect tab, or replace the disk with one that has enough space on it to capture the session. 14 Exchanging Parameters Packet This is an informative message indicating that parameters packets are being exchanged between BitCom and the host computer during a Kermit file transfer. Expected Label Name A label name was not given following a GOTO statement. The label name after the GOTO must include the colon (e.g. 'goto :top'). Expected Comma BitCom expected a comma to be present, but found something else. Commas are usually used to separate arguments within a function. Expected Compare Operator Within an IF function, BitCom expected a compare operator (e.g. =, <), but found something else. Expected Label or Statement BitCom expected a statement or label, but found something else. Consult the help screens, or the file SCRIPT.TXT for the correct syntax of statements. Expected Left Paren BitCom expected a left parentheses to be present, but found something else. Parenthesis are usually present after function names and the 'IF' statement. Expected Right Paren BitCom expected a right parentheses to be present, but found something else. Expected Right Paren or and-or BitCom expected a right parentheses or the keywords AND or OR within the IF condition, but found something else. Expected semi-colon or end-of-line BitCom reached the logical end of a statement, but found something other than a semi-colon (which can separate statements) or the end of the line. Expected Variable or Constant BitCom expected a variable name, a constant value, or a function invocation, but found something else. Field Full You have tried to insert a character in a field, when the last character position of the field is full. 15 File Already Exists, overwrite? (Y/N) The filename you have indicated that BitCom should use to receive a file already exists on your disk. If you press Y the existing file will be overwritten. If you press N, the file receive will be cancelled. File= 'goto' error A 'goto' function within a script/action file specified a non-existent label. Either add the label or correct the 'goto' and retry. File= not found The named file could not be found. Provide the correct filename and try again. Also, the drive and/or path may need to be stated. File Transfer Already Active! The 'recvfile' or 'sendfile' function was called, but a file is currently being transferred. File transfer ended A file transfer has been completed by BitCom. This is an informative message only. Format error in , line xx There is an error in the named emulation file, on the indicated line. Check the syntax and correct the error. Framing Error A received character did not have a valid stop bit. If this error occurs frequently, try changing the number of stop bits. Make sure that you have set the number of stop bits to match that of the host computer exactly. Invalid $xx Hex Character A character may be specified as a hexadecimal value in a d- string by giving a '$' followed by exactly 2 hex digits. Hex digits may have a value of 0-9 and A-F. Invalid hex digit in modem string There is an invalid character which is preceded by a dollar sign ($) which is being sent to the modem. Check the dial prefix, dial suffix and answer string on the Communication Configuration Menu. Invalid setting An attempt was made to assign an invalid value to a builtin variable. Consult the help screens or the manual for valid settings. 16 Invalid Cwait Argument A null string ("") was given as an argument to the 'Cwait' function. You must wait for an actual string or character with this function. Invalid EOF String A null string ("") was given as an EOF string to the 'recvfile' function. Change this to the correct EOF string. Invalid File Transfer Mode The file transfer mode given in a 'sendfile' or 'recvfile' function call is invalid. It must be given as a string, and may be either "ascii" or "xmodem". Invalid Hex Digit in Modem String A $xx sequence in a modem string (such as the Dial Prefix) contains an invalid hex digit. Valid hex digits are 0-9 and A-F. Invalid Number BitCom expected a numeric value, but found something else. Invalid Time Units The 'twait' function was given an invalid string for the time units. Valid values are "hsec", "sec", "min" and "hour". Invalid Time Value The 'wait' function was given a non-valid time (i.e. hour was not in the range 0-23, or minutes were not in the range 1-60). Key ignored, ing file If you are sending or receiving a file, any keys you press will be ignored (except for the 'Cancel-File- Transmit' key). Wait until the file transfer is complete before initiating another action. Label Only Valid in a File A label was given in a function key definition string. Labels are only valid in script or action files. Misplaced Keyword A special keyword (e.g. IF, EXIT, INVOKE, etc.) was found in an inappropriate location. 17 Must Use "select" Function First An attempt was made to set or query the value of a builtin variable, but no record has been made current either with the 'select' function or through the BitCom menus. No CTS Signal The modem has not returned a 'Clear To Send' signal. If you have an external modem, this error may occur if it is turned off. You may need to set the IGNORE field to Both. No DSR Signal The modem has not returned a 'Data Set Ready" signal. If you have an external modem, this error may occur it if is turned off. If your serial card is connected to a modem, this error may occur. Make sure you are talking to the right communications port (e.g., COM1 or COM2). You may need to set the IGNORE field to Both. No memory for Select Menu This error may occur if you have an extremely large (more than 500 records) communication data file. BitCom will still operate normally, except you will not get the selection menu. Not enough memory This may occur if your system has less than 256K of available memory. Check to see if you have memory resident programs which are taking up your available memory. Not a special key... In re-defining a special key, you pressed a key which is not a 'special' key. You will receive this message if you press a normal letter or number key, instead of a function key, or the or key combinations. Numbers Only You have tried to enter a non-numeric character in a field for which only numbers are valid. Open failed for BitCom cannot locate the named capture file. Make sure that the drive and/or path is specified, if it is not in the current drive and/or path. Open failed for BitCom could not find the specified emulation file. Make sure that the filename specified exists, and has a .EMU extension. 18 Open failed for The named file could not be found. Provide the correct filename (including drive and/or sub-directory) and try again. Also, you cannot receive a file into a sub- directory that does not exist. Open failed for The pathname that you have indicated could not be found on your disk. Type the pathname correctly and try again. Out of Memory You do not have enough available memory to run the specified script/action file. Overrun Error The BitCom character receive buffer has overflowed. If the host computer sends characters faster than BitCom can type them, and the host does not use XON/XOFF protocol, you may get this error. This will normally only occur at high baud rates (greater than 2400 baud), since the BitCom buffer is 2048 bytes in size. Some received characters will be lost. This error may also be caused by mismatched communication parameters, such as baud rate, stop bits, data bits, and parity. These settings must match that of the host computer. Another possible cause of this problem is that you have another device in your PC that is using the same IRQ (interrupt) setting as your modem. Change your modem port address to COM3 or COM4, and try again. Print Disabled This is an informative message. BitCom has encountered the PRINTER(0) command in a script/action file, and will no longer echo data to the printer. Print Enabled This is an informative message. BitCom has encountered the PRINTER(1) command in a script/action file, and will begin echoing the screen display to the printer. Printer Error You have instructed BitCom to print, but the system has detected a printer error. Make sure that the printer is online and is not out of paper. Parity Error A received character does not have the correct odd or even parity. Make sure the setting you are using matches that of the host computer exactly. 19 Reached EOL in 'd-string' A 'd-string' must begin and end with a double quote, and must be given on a single input line. Reached EOL in 's-string' An 's-string' must begin and end with a single quote, and must be given on a single input line. Reached end-of-line in comment A comment must begin with a '{' and end with a '}', and both the opening and closing braces must be given on a single input line. Receive cancelled by host While receiving a file, the host computer cancelled the send. BitCom will be returned to the keyboard state at this point. Receiving Check Sum Block xx An informative message showing the Check Sum block number that is currently being received. Receiving CRC Block xx An informative message showing the CRC block number that is currently being received. Receiving xx bytes BitCom is receiving the specified file using the XMODEM protocol. The 'xx' will be replaced with the actual number of bytes received. Recid not found Within a script file, a record ID that does not exist was selected. Change either the script file or the record ID and try again. Run File Cancelled The break key was pressed while a script or action file was running. This is an informative message only. Send Cancelled BitCom was sending a file, and you have stopped the file transfer before it was completed. Send Cancelled by Host BitCom was sending a file, and the host computer has stopped the file transfer before it was completed. Sending ASCII File This is an informative message showing that BitCom is sending a file using the ASCII method. 20 Sending ASCII file completed An ASCII file transfer has been completed. This is an informative message only. Sending Check Sum Block xx This is an informative message showing what Check Sum block is currently being sent. Sending CRC Block xx This is an informative message showing what CRC block is currently being sent. Sending file; Please wait... You have tried to perform some action within BitCom while BitCom was sending a file. Wait until the file has been sent, and then proceed. Sorting COMM.DAT The file COMM.DAT containing the phone number database is being sorted. This is an informative message only. Synch error, cannot continue During XMODEM transfers, it is possible for the two computers to get out of sync. You should retry the file transmit if you get this error, as it is likely to be caused by data line noise, or by the host stopping the file transfer. Make sure that the parity, data bits, and stop bit settings match that of the host computer exactly. Time Out During communications, a device timeout occurred. This is usually caused by a modem failure. Some computers will time out after a certain amount of time has passed with nothing transmitted. Too many INVOKE levels You may nest 'invoke' statements (that is, an 'invoked' file may invoke yet another file), but only up to 8 levels deep. Unexpected Packet Type During a Kermit file transfer, BitCom received a packet it could not identify. Make sure all Kermit parameters in BitCom match the Kermit settings on the host computer. Unknown function You have entered a letter or number which is not known as a menu option. 21 Unknown label name The label name given following a GOTO statement could not be found in the current SCRIPT or ACTION file. Unknown or misplaced character A character unknown to BitCom was found in a SCRIPT or ACTION file. You may need to surround the character with quotes. Unknown variable name A variable name was given (a string beginning with an at-sign '@') which is unknown to BitCom. Refer to the help screens or the file SCRIPT.TXT for a list of valid variable names. Use Select Function First The SCRIPT file invoked 'docomm' before the 'select' function was used. Waiting For Handshake, Key Ignored You have tried to initiate another action in BitCom, while BitCom is waiting for a connection. Do not attempt other actions until the connection has been established. Waiting for X-ON When you are sending a text file in ASCII mode, you may receive this message if the computer you are sending the file to cannot receive the file as quickly as BitCom is sending it. The message will go away as soon as the host computer gives the go ahead. This is an informative message only. Waiting to receive first block BitCom has been set up to receive, but the host has not yet begun sending the file. Waiting to send first block BitCom has been set up to send a file, but the host is not yet ready to receive. Writing output to BitCom is writing the communications session to the indicated capture filename. This is an informative message only. Xmodem Receiving BitCom is receiving a file using the XMODEM protocol. This is an informative message only. 22 Xmodem Sending BitCom is sending a file using the XMODEM protocol. This is an informative message only. Ymodem-G Receiving BitCom is receiving a file using the Ymodem-G protocol. This is an informative message only. Ymodem-G Sending BitCom is sending a file using the Ymodem-G protocol. This is an informative message only. 23 Reference Section - ASCII Code Table ------------------------------------ Ctl Decimal Hex Value Decimal Hex Value --- ------ --- ----- ------ --- ----- ^@ 000 00 NUL 041 29 ) ^A 001 01 SOH 042 2A * ^B 002 02 STX 043 2B + ^C 003 03 ETX 044 2C , ^D 004 04 EOT 045 2D - ^E 005 05 ENQ 046 2E . ^F 006 06 ACK 047 2F / ^G 007 07 BEL 048 30 0 ^H 008 08 BS 049 31 1 ^I 009 09 HT 050 32 2 ^J 010 0A LF 051 33 3 ^K 011 OB VT 052 34 4 ^L 012 0C FF 053 35 5 ^M 013 0D CR 054 36 6 ^N 014 0E SO 055 37 7 ^O 015 0F SI 056 38 8 ^P 016 10 DLE 057 39 9 ^Q 017 11 DC1 058 3A : ^R 018 12 DC2 059 3B ; ^S 019 13 DC3 060 3C < ^T 020 14 DC4 061 3D = ^U 021 15 NAK 062 3E > ^V 022 16 SYN 063 3F ? ^W 023 17 ETB 064 40 @ ^X 024 18 CAN 065 41 A ^Y 025 19 EM 066 42 B ^Z 026 1A SUB 067 43 C ^[ 027 1B ESC 068 44 D ^\ 028 1C FS 069 45 E ^] 029 1D GS 070 46 F ^^ 030 1E RS 071 47 G ^_ 031 1F US 072 48 H 032 20 (space) 073 49 I 033 21 ! 074 4A J 034 22 " 075 4B K 035 23 # 076 4C L 036 24 $ 077 4D M 037 25 % 078 4E N 038 26 & 079 4F O 039 27 ' 080 50 P 040 28 ( 081 51 Q 24 Decimal Hex Value Decimal Hex Value ------ --- ----- ------ --- ----- 082 52 R 104 68 h 083 53 S 105 69 i 084 54 T 106 6A j 085 55 U 107 6B k 086 56 V 108 6C l 087 57 W 109 6D m 088 58 X 110 6E n 089 59 Y 111 6F o 090 5A Z 112 70 p 091 5B [ 113 71 q 092 5C \ 114 72 r 093 5D ] 115 73 s 094 5E ^ 116 74 t 095 5F _ 117 75 u 096 60 ' 118 76 v 097 61 a 119 77 w 098 62 b 120 78 x 099 63 c 121 79 y 100 64 d 122 7A z 101 65 e 123 7B { 102 66 f 124 7C | 103 67 g 125 7D } 126 7E ~ 127 7F DEL 25 Reference Section - Display Attributes and Color Codes ------------------------------------------------------ VALUE COLOR/GRAPHICS ----- -------------- HEX DEC BACK FORE MONO --- --- GROUND GROUND ---- ------ ------ 00 0 BLACK BLACK NON-DISPLAY 01 1 BLACK BLUE UNDERLINE 02 2 BLACK GREEN NORMAL 03 3 BLACK CYAN NORMAL 04 4 BLACK RED NORMAL 05 5 BLACK MAGENTA NORMAL 06 6 BLACK BROWN NORMAL 07 7 BLACK LT GREY NORMAL 08 8 BLACK DK GREY NON-DISPLAY 09 9 BLACK LT BLUE HI-INTENSITY UNDERLINE 0A 10 BLACK LT GREE HI-INTENSITY 0B 11 BLACK LT CYAN HI-INTENSITY 0C 12 BLACK LT RED HI-INTENSITY 0D 13 BLACK LT MAGENTA HI-INTENSITY 0E 14 BLACK YELLOW HI-INTENSITY 0F 15 BLACK WHITE HI-INTENSITY 10 16 BLUE BLACK NORMAL 11 17 BLUE BLUE UNDERLINE 12 18 BLUE GREEN NORMAL 13 19 BLUE CYAN NORMAL 14 20 BLUE RED NORMAL 15 21 BLUE MAGENTA NORMAL 16 22 BLUE BROWN NORMAL 17 23 BLUE LT GREY NORMAL 18 24 BLUE DK GREY HI-INTENSITY 19 25 BLUE LT BLUE HI-INTENSITY UNDERLINE 1A 26 BLUE LT GREEN HI-INTENSITY 1B 27 BLUE LT CYAN HI-INTENSITY 1C 28 BLUE LT RED HI-INTENSITY 1D 29 BLUE LT MAGENTA HI-INTENSITY 1E 30 BLUE YELLOW HI-INTENSITY 1F 31 BLUE WHITE HI-INTENSITY 20 32 GREEN BLACK NORMAL 21 33 GREEN BLUE UNDERLINE 22 34 GREEN GREEN NORMAL 22 35 GREEN CYAN NORMAL 24 36 GREEN RED NORMAL 25 37 GREEN MAGENTA NORMAL 26 38 GREEN BROWN NORMAL 27 39 GREEN LT GREY NORMAL 28 40 GREEN DK GREY HI-INTENSITY 26 VALUE COLOR/GRAPHICS ----- -------------- HEX DEC BACK FORE MONO --- --- GROUND GROUND ---- ------ ------ 29 41 GREEN LT BLUE HI-INTENSITY UNDERLINE 2A 42 GREEN LT GREEN HI-INTENSITY 2B 43 GREEN LT CYAN HI-INTENSITY 2C 44 GREEN LT RED HI-INTENSITY 2D 45 GREEN LT MAGENTA HI-INTENSITY 2E 46 GREEN YELLOW HI-INTENSITY 2F 47 GREEN WHITE HI-INTENSITY 30 48 CYAN BLACK NORMAL 31 49 CYAN BLUE UNDERLINE 32 50 CYAN GREEN NORMAL 33 51 CYAN CYAN NORMAL 34 52 CYAN RED NORMAL 35 53 CYAN MAGENTA NORMAL 36 54 CYAN BROWN NORMAL 37 55 CYAN LT GREY NORMAL 38 56 CYAN DK GREY HI-INTENSITY 39 57 CYAN LT BLUE HI-INTENSITY UNDERLINE 3A 58 CYAN LT GREEN HI-INTENSITY 3B 59 CYAN LT CYAN HI-INTENSITY 3C 60 CYAN LT RED HI-INTENSITY 3D 61 CYAN LT MAGENTA HI-INTENSITY 3E 62 CYAN YELLOW HI-INTENSITY 3F 63 CYAN WHITE HI-INTENSITY 40 64 RED BLACK NORMAL 41 65 RED BLUE UNDERLINE 42 66 RED GREEN NORMAL 43 67 RED CYAN NORMAL 44 68 RED RED NORMAL 45 69 RED MAGENTA NORMAL 46 70 RED BROWN NORMAL 47 71 RED LT GREY NORMAL 48 72 RED DK GREY HI-INTENSITY 49 73 RED LT BLUE HI-INTENSITY UNDERLINE 4A 74 RED LT GREEN HI-INTENSITY 4B 75 RED LT CYAN HI-INTENSITY 4C 76 RED LT RED HI-INTENSITY 4D 77 RED LT MAGENTA HI-INTENSITY 4E 78 RED YELLOW HI-INTENSITY 4F 79 RED WHITE HI-INTENSITY 50 80 MAGENTA BLACK NORMAL 51 81 MAGENTA BLUE UNDERLINE 52 82 MAGENTA GREEN NORMAL 53 83 MAGENTA CYAN NORMAL 54 84 MAGENTA RED NORMAL 27 VALUE COLOR/GRAPHICS ----- -------------- HEX DEC BACK FORE MONO --- --- GROUND GROUND ---- ------ ------ 55 85 MAGENTA MAGENTA NORMAL 56 86 MAGENTA BROWN NORMAL 57 87 MAGENTA LT GREY NORMAL 58 88 MAGENTA DK GREY HI-INTENSITY 59 89 MAGENTA LT BLUE HI-INTENSITY UNDERLINE 5A 90 MAGENTA LT GREEN HI-INTENSITY 5B 91 MAGENTA LT CYAN HI-INTENSITY 5C 92 MAGENTA LT RED HI-INTENSITY 5D 93 MAGENTA LT MAGENTA HI-INTENSITY 5E 94 MAGENTA YELLOW HI-INTENSITY 5F 95 MAGENTA WHITE HI-INTENSITY 60 96 YELLOW BLACK NORMAL 61 97 YELLOW BLUE UNDERLINE 62 98 YELLOW GREEN NORMAL 63 99 YELLOW CYAN NORMAL 64 100 YELLOW RED NORMAL 65 101 YELLOW MAGENTA NORMAL 66 102 YELLOW BROWN NORMAL 67 103 YELLOW LT GREY NORMAL 68 104 YELLOW DK GREY HI-INTENSITY 69 105 YELLOW LT BLUE HI-INTENSITY UNDERLINE 6A 106 YELLOW LT GREEN HI-INTENSITY 6B 107 YELLOW LT CYAN HI-INTENSITY 6C 108 YELLOW LT RED HI-INTENSITY 6D 109 YELLOW LT MAGENTA HI-INTENSITY 6E 110 YELLOW YELLOW HI-INTENSITY 6F 111 YELLOW WHITE HI-INTENSITY 70 112 WHITE BLACK REVERSE VIDEO 71 113 WHITE BLUE UNDERLINE 72 114 WHITE GREEN NORMAL 73 115 WHITE CYAN NORMAL 74 116 WHITE RED NORMAL 75 117 WHITE MAGENTA NORMAL 76 118 WHITE BROWN NORMAL 77 119 WHITE LT GREY NORMAL 78 120 WHITE DK GREY REVERSE VIDEO 79 121 WHITE LT BLUE HI-INTENSITY UNDERLINE 7A 122 WHITE LT GREEN HI-INTENSITY 7B 123 WHITE LT CYAN HI-INTENSITY 7C 124 WHITE LT RED HI-INTENSITY 7D 125 WHITE LT MAGENTA HI-INTENSITY 7E 126 WHITE YELLOW HI-INTENSITY 28 VALUE COLOR/GRAPHICS ----- -------------- HEX DEC BACK FORE MONO --- --- GROUND GROUND ---- ------ ------ 7F 127 WHITE WHITE HI-INTENSITY 80 128 BLACK BLACK NON-DISPLAY 81 129 BLACK BLUE UNDERLINE 82 130 BLACK GREEN NORMAL 83 131 BLACK CYAN NORMAL 84 132 BLACK RED NORMAL 85 133 BLACK MAGENTA NORMAL 86 134 BLACK BROWN NORMAL 87 135 BLACK LT GREY NORMAL 88 136 BLACK DK GREY NON-DISPLAY 89 137 BLACK LT BLUE HI-INTENSITY UNDERLINED 8A 138 BLACK LT GREEN HI-INTENSITY 8B 139 BLACK LT CYAN HI-INTENSITY 8C 140 BLACK RED HI-INTENSITY 8D 141 BLACK LT MAGENTA HI-INTENSITY 8E 142 BLACK YELLOW HI-INTENSITY 8F 143 BLACK WHITE HI-INTENSITY 90 144 BLUE BLACK NORMAL 91 145 BLUE BLUE UNDERLINE 92 146 BLUE GREEN NORMAL 93 147 BLUE CYAN NORMAL 94 148 BLUE RED NORMAL 95 149 BLUE MAGENTA NORMAL 96 150 BLUE BROWN NORMAL 97 151 BLUE LT GREY NORMAL 98 152 BLUE DK GREY HI-INTENSITY 99 153 BLUE LT BLUE HI-INTENSITY UNDERLINE 9A 154 BLUE LT GREEN HI-INTENSITY 9B 155 BLUE LT CYAN HI-INTENSITY 9C 156 BLUE LT RED HI-INTENSITY 9D 157 BLUE LT MAGENTA HI-INTENSITY 9E 158 BLUE YELLOW HI-INTENSITY 9F 159 BLUE WHITE HI-INTENSITY A0 160 GREEN BLACK NORMAL A1 161 GREEN BLUE UNDERLINE A2 162 GREEN GREEN NORMAL A3 163 GREEN CYAN NORMAL A4 164 GREEN RED NORMAL A5 165 GREEN MAGENTA NORMAL A6 166 GREEN BROWN NORMAL A7 167 GREEN LT GREY NORMAL A8 168 GREEN DK GREY HI-INTENSITY A9 169 GREEN LT BLUE HI-INTENSITY UNDERLINE AA 170 GREEN LT GREEN HI-INTENSITY 29 VALUE COLOR/GRAPHICS ----- -------------- HEX DEC BACK FORE MONO --- --- GROUND GROUND ---- ------ ------ AB 171 GREEN LT CYAN HI-INTENSITY AC 172 GREEN LT RED HI-INTENSITY AD 173 GREEN LT MAGENTA HI-INTENSITY AE 174 GREEN YELLOW HI-INTENSITY AF 175 GREEN WHITE HI-INTENSITY B0 176 CYAN BLACK NORMAL B1 177 CYAN BLUE UNDERLINE B2 178 CYAN GREEN NORMAL B3 179 CYAN CYAN NORMAL B4 180 CYAN RED NORMAL B5 181 CYAN MAGENTA NORMAL B6 182 CYAN BROWN NORMAL B7 183 CYAN LT GREY NORMAL B8 184 CYAN DK GREY HI-INTENSITY B9 185 CYAN LT BLUE HI-INTENSITY UNDERLINE BA 186 CYAN LT GREEN HI-INTENSITY BB 187 CYAN LT CYAN HI-INTENSITY BC 188 CYAN LT RED HI-INTENSITY BD 189 CYAN LT MAGENTA HI-INTENSITY BE 190 CYAN YELLOW HI-INTENSITY BF 191 CYAN WHITE HI-INTENSITY C0 192 RED BLACK NORMAL C1 193 RED BLUE UNDERLINE C2 194 RED GREEN NORMAL C3 195 RED CYAN NORMAL C4 196 RED RED NORMAL C5 197 RED MAGENTA NORMAL C6 198 RED BROWN NORMAL C7 199 RED LT GREY NORMAL C8 200 RED DK GREY HI-INTENSITY C9 201 RED LT BLUE HI-INTENSITY UNDERLINE CA 202 RED LT GREEN HI-INTENSITY CB 203 RED LT CYAN HI-INTENSITY CC 204 RED LT RED HI-INTENSITY CD 205 RED LT MAGENTA HI-INTENSITY CE 206 RED YELLOW HI-INTENSITY CF 207 RED WHITE HI-INTENSITY D0 208 MAGENTA BLACK NORMAL D1 209 MAGENTA BLUE UNDERLINE D2 210 MAGENTA GREEN NORMAL D3 211 MAGENTA CYAN NORMAL D4 212 MAGENTA RED NORMAL D5 213 MAGENTA MAGENTA NORMAL D6 214 MAGENTA BROWN NORMAL D7 215 MAGENTA LT GREY NORMAL 30 VALUE COLOR/GRAPHICS ----- -------------- HEX DEC BACK FORE MONO --- --- GROUND GROUND ---- ------ ------ D8 216 MAGENTA DK GREY HI-INTENSITY D9 217 MAGENTA LT BLUE HI-INTENSITY UNDERLINE DA 218 MAGENTA LT GREEN HI-INTENSITY DB 219 MAGENTA LT CYAN HI-INTENSITY DC 220 MAGENTA LT RED HI-INTENSITY DD 221 MAGENTA LT MAGENTA HI-INTENSITY DE 222 MAGENTA YELLOW HI-INTENSITY DF 223 MAGENTA WHITE HI-INTENSITY E0 224 YELLOW BLACK NORMAL E1 225 YELLOW BLUE UNDERLINE E2 226 YELLOW GREEN NORMAL E3 227 YELLOW CYAN NORMAL E4 228 YELLOW RED NORMAL E5 229 YELLOW MAGENTA NORMAL E6 230 YELLOW BROWN NORMAL E7 231 YELLOW LT GREY NORMAL E8 232 YELLOW DK GREY HI-INTENSITY E9 233 YELLOW LT BLUE HI-INTENSITY UNDERLINE EA 234 YELLOW LT GREEN HI-INTENSITY EB 235 YELLOW LT CYAN HI-INTENSITY EC 236 YELLOW LT RED HI-INTENSITY ED 237 YELLOW LT MAGENTA HI-INTENSITY EE 238 YELLOW YELLOW HI-INTENSITY EF 239 YELLOW WHITE HI-INTENSITY F0 240 WHITE BLACK REVERSE VIDEO F1 241 WHITE BLUE UNDERLINE F2 242 WHITE GREEN NORMAL F3 243 WHITE CYAN NORMAL F4 244 WHITE RED NORMAL F5 245 WHITE MAGENTA NORMAL F6 246 WHITE BROWN NORMAL F7 247 WHITE LT GREY NORMAL F8 248 WHITE DK GREY REVERSE VIDEO F9 249 WHITE LT BLUE HI-INTENSITY UNDERLINE FA 250 WHITE LT GREEN HI-INTENSITY FB 251 WHITE LT CYAN HI-INTENSITY FC 252 WHITE LT RED HI-INTENSITY FD 253 WHITE LT MAGENTA HI-INTENSITY FE 254 WHITE YELLOW HI-INTENSITY FF 255 WHITE WHITE HI-INTENSITY